↑ Cornell, Svante E. (2001). Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus. Routledge. pp. 149. ISBN 0-7007-1162-7.
↑ Bell, Imogen (2002), Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia, p. 176. Taylor & Francis, ISBN 1-85743-137-5
↑ Jones, Stephen F. (Oct., 1988), The Establishment of Soviet Power in Transcaucasia: The Case of Georgia 1921-1928. Soviet Studies, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 616-639.
